![]() ![]() This is because it causes endothelial injury and dysfunction in both coronary and peripheral arteries and an increased risk of thrombosis. Nonetheless, smoking-caused deaths remain high (78,000 deaths in 2017 ), with smoking being the leading risk factor for loss of healthy life years. Smoking prevalence in the UK has declined substantially over the last decades to 14% in 2019. Smoking remains the second-leading mortality risk factor in the world, mainly due to cancer, lung disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). None of the groups (i.e., nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-cigarettes or NRT) offered superior cardiovascular benefits to the others. Smokers attempting to quit experienced positive cardiovascular impact after both a 3- and 6-month period. Similarly, ACh, SNP, and MAP improved significantly over baseline in all groups both at 3 and 6 months (e.g., ACh: p = 0.004, at 6 months). ResultsĪt 3- and 6-month follow-up, %FMD showed an improvement over baseline in all three groups (e.g., p < 0.0001 at 6 months). Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Participants were randomized to receive behavioral support with either (a) e-cigarettes with 18 mg/ml nicotine, (b) e-cigarettes without nicotine, and (c) NRT.įlow-mediated dilation (%FMD) and peak cutaneous vascular conductance (CVCmax) responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and other outcomes were recorded at baseline, 3, and 6 months after stopping smoking. This was a single-center, pragmatic three-arm randomized (1:1:1) controlled trial, which recruited adult smokers (≥ 10 cigarettes/day), who were willing to attempt to stop smoking with support ( n = 248). Our objective was to compare the medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects in smokers attempting to quit smoking using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). ![]() E-cigarettes are popular for smoking cessation but there is little evidence on their cardiovascular health effect. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and smoking cessation reduces excess risk. ![]()
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